Reproductive System: Anatomy, Hormones, Fetal Development, and Family Planning | Chapter 22 from Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-PN Examination (7th Edition)

Reproductive System: Anatomy, Hormones, Fetal Development, and Family Planning | Chapter 22 from Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-PN Examination (7th Edition)

Book cover

Welcome to Chapter 22 of the Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-PN Examination (7th Edition) by Linda Anne Silvestri and Angela E. Silvestri. This foundational chapter guides nursing students through the key concepts of the reproductive system, covering male and female anatomy, hormonal regulation, fetal development, and the essentials of family planning. Mastery of this content supports safe maternity care, effective client education, and NCLEX-PN success.

Watch the full chapter video summary below, and subscribe to Last Minute Lecture for detailed NCLEX-PN guides on reproductive health, pregnancy, and family planning:

Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology

  • Female: Ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, and pelvis types (gynecoid, android, anthropoid, platypelloid).
  • Male: Testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, penis.
  • Pelvic Measurements: Inlet, midplane, and outlet—key for understanding labor and birth mechanics.

Hormonal Regulation and Menstrual Cycle

  • Overview of ovarian and uterine cycles: follicular, ovulation, luteal, and menstrual phases.
  • Key hormones: FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone—regulation and function.
  • Ovulation typically occurs around day 14 of a 28-day cycle; hormonal fluctuations drive the phases.

Fertilization, Fetal Development, and Fetal Structures

  • Fertilization takes place in the ampulla of the fallopian tube; implantation occurs about 7 days later.
  • Key structures: amnion, chorion, placenta, umbilical cord, and their roles in protection and nutrient exchange.
  • Fetal circulation: ductus venosus, ductus arteriosus, and foramen ovale direct oxygenated blood flow before birth.
  • Fetal milestones from weeks 1 through 40, with heart rate and growth highlights.

Family Planning, Contraception, and Infertility

  • Overview of birth control options: hormonal (pills, patches, IUD), barrier methods, sterilization, and natural family planning.
  • Infertility causes and interventions in males and females; options include in vitro fertilization and genetic testing (e.g., chorionic villus sampling).
  • Preconception counseling and nursing education for healthy pregnancies.

Clinical Applications and Nursing Responsibilities

  • Apply reproductive anatomy and physiology knowledge to client assessments and maternity care.
  • Educate clients about menstrual cycles, ovulation, pregnancy milestones, contraception, and infertility support.
  • Understand genetic screening and pregnancy hormone functions for safe, client-centered care.

Need more visuals or NCLEX-style questions? Watch the video above and subscribe to Last Minute Lecture for every NCLEX-PN chapter review and reproductive health breakdown!

Conclusion: Building a Foundation in Reproductive Health Nursing

Chapter 22 of Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-PN Examination (7th Edition) ensures you’re prepared to teach, assess, and support clients across the spectrum of reproductive health. With a clear grasp of anatomy, hormones, fetal development, and family planning, you’ll be ready for maternity questions on the NCLEX-PN and clinical practice.

If you found this breakdown helpful, subscribe to Last Minute Lecture for more NCLEX-PN chapter guides, reproductive health resources, and study support.

If you found this breakdown helpful, be sure to subscribe to Last Minute Lecture for more chapter-by-chapter textbook summaries and academic study guides.

Explore the full YouTube playlist for Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-PN Examination (7th Edition) here: Complete Playlist

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