Last Minute Lecture

Immune Disorders, Vaccines, and Antimicrobial Therapy — Autoimmunity, Drug Resistance, and Immunotherapy Explained | Chapter 28 from Brock Biology of Microorganisms How do immune disorders arise, how do vaccines and immunotherapies work, and what strategies are available to fight antimicrobial resistance? Chapter 28 of Brock Biology of Microorganisms explores immune hypersensitivities, autoimmunity, immunodeficiencies, vaccine development, modern immunotherapy, and the urgent global challenge of antimicrobial drug resistance. This summary synthesizes key mechanisms and strategies at the intersection of immunology, medicine, and public health. Watch the video summary below and subscribe to Last Minute Lecture for more critical chapter breakdowns! Immune Disorders and Deficiencies Immune system dysfunction takes several forms: Hypersensitivities: Type I (Immediate): IgE-mediated allergies (e.g., hay fever, anaphylaxis). Type IV (Delayed): T ce...

Viruses — Structure, Replication, and Disease Mechanisms Explained | Chapter 19 of Campbell Biology Welcome to Last Minute Lecture! This post explores the mysterious world of viruses, blending biology’s boundaries between living and nonliving as presented in Chapter 19 of Campbell Biology . Discover how viruses are structured, how they replicate, how they cause disease, and the unique mechanisms behind viral evolution and prions. Watch the full video summary below and subscribe for clear, chapter-by-chapter biology breakdowns! Introduction: What Are Viruses? Viruses are infectious particles that exist in a gray area between life and nonlife. They cannot reproduce or carry out metabolic processes independently and must infect host cells to replicate. Understanding viruses is critical for public health, agriculture, and modern biotechnology. Viral Structure and Classification Genome: Can be DNA or RNA, single-stranded or double-stranded, linear or circular. Capsid: ...