Last Minute Lecture

Seed Development, Dormancy, and Germination Explained | Chapter 21 of Plant Physiology and Development Chapter 21 of Plant Physiology and Development examines how seeds form, enter dormancy, survive desiccation, and eventually resume growth through germination. Seeds are not just passive storage structures; they are highly regulated developmental stages that integrate genetic programs, hormonal signals, and environmental cues. This chapter traces seed development from embryogenesis through dormancy and into germination, emphasizing the roles of hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellins (GA), and auxin. For a concise, lecture-style walkthrough of these concepts, watch the Last Minute Lecture summary below. Watch the full chapter explanation here: Embryogenesis and the Structure of Seeds Seed development begins with embryogenesis , during which a fertilized egg cell undergoes pattern formation and differentiation. The mature seed typically contains three main componen...

Angiosperm Reproduction and Plant Biotechnology Explained | Chapter 38 of Campbell Biology Angiosperms—flowering plants—are the dominant group in terrestrial ecosystems, thanks to their sophisticated reproductive strategies and adaptability. Chapter 38 of Biology covers the complete lifecycle of angiosperms, from pollination and fertilization to seed and fruit development, while also exploring advances in plant biotechnology and genetic engineering. Whether you're prepping for a plant biology exam or want to better understand crop science and GMOs, this podcast and blog will guide you through all the essentials. Watch the full podcast summary below, then explore this comprehensive breakdown of key concepts, glossary terms, and biotechnology applications. Introduction: The Reproductive Cycle of Angiosperms Angiosperm reproduction is characterized by the alternation of generations—cycling between the diploid sporophyte and the haploid gametophyte. Flowers, the reprodu...