Last Minute Lecture

Cell Wall Dynamics, Signaling Pathways, and Stress Responses Explained | Chapter 18 of Plant Physiology and Development Chapter 18 of Plant Physiology and Development examines the plant cell wall as a highly dynamic interface that senses environmental changes, mediates signaling, and supports adaptive responses to biotic and abiotic stress. Far from being a passive structure, the cell wall is continually remodeled to balance growth with protection. This chapter explores the receptors, enzymes, and molecular pathways that detect cell wall integrity, trigger immune responses, and regulate wall reinforcement. The full lecture below provides a clear, structured walkthrough of these processes. Watch the full chapter explanation here: The Cell Wall as a Dynamic Signaling Hub The plant cell wall is constantly remodeled to accommodate growth and respond to stress. Structural changes in the wall act as signals that activate defense pathways or trigger reinforcement. Plants monitor wa...

Biotic Interactions, Plant Immunity, and Symbiosis Explained | Chapter 16 of Plant Physiology and Development Chapter 16 of Plant Physiology and Development explores how plants interact with a wide range of living organisms, from beneficial symbionts to damaging pathogens and herbivores. These interactions shape plant development, survival, and ecological success. This chapter provides a comprehensive look at the mechanisms behind plant immunity, mutualistic symbioses, chemical signaling, and the evolutionary pressures that influence plant–biotic relationships. Watch the full lecture below for a clear, approachable explanation of these complex systems. Watch the full chapter explanation here: Mutualistic and Antagonistic Interactions Plants experience both beneficial and harmful relationships in their environment. Mutualistic interactions such as mycorrhizal symbiosis and nitrogen-fixing partnerships with rhizobia enhance nutrient acquisition and growth. In contrast, antagon...