Geometric Optics – Mirrors, Lenses & Image Formation Explained | Chapter 34 of University Physics
Geometric Optics – Mirrors, Lenses & Image Formation Explained | Chapter 34 of University Physics Chapter 34 covers how light forms images by reflection and refraction, using the ray model and simple geometry. You’ll learn the mirror and lens equations, magnification rules, and see applications in cameras, the human eye, microscopes, and telescopes. Watch the full video summary on YouTube for step-by-step ray diagram demonstrations. Plane Mirrors Plane mirrors produce virtual, erect images behind the mirror. Key properties: Image distance equals object distance: s′ = –s Lateral magnification: m = +1 Images are same size and orientation as the object Spherical Mirrors Spherical mirrors follow the mirror equation: 1/s + 1/s′ = 1/f , where f = R/2 . Magnification is m = –s′/s . Behavior differs by mirror type: Concave (f>0): Object beyond f → real, inverted image Object inside f → virtual, erect, magnified image Convex ...