Last Minute Lecture

Seed Development, Dormancy, and Germination Explained | Chapter 21 of Plant Physiology and Development Chapter 21 of Plant Physiology and Development examines how seeds form, enter dormancy, survive desiccation, and eventually resume growth through germination. Seeds are not just passive storage structures; they are highly regulated developmental stages that integrate genetic programs, hormonal signals, and environmental cues. This chapter traces seed development from embryogenesis through dormancy and into germination, emphasizing the roles of hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellins (GA), and auxin. For a concise, lecture-style walkthrough of these concepts, watch the Last Minute Lecture summary below. Watch the full chapter explanation here: Embryogenesis and the Structure of Seeds Seed development begins with embryogenesis , during which a fertilized egg cell undergoes pattern formation and differentiation. The mature seed typically contains three main componen...

Environmental Regulation of Plant Growth and Development Explained | Chapter 19 of Plant Physiology and Development Chapter 19 of Plant Physiology and Development examines how environmental factors shape plant growth through their influence on cell division, expansion, differentiation, and hormone signaling. Plant growth is not fixed; it is a flexible, responsive process governed by both internal regulatory mechanisms and external environmental cues. This chapter reveals how plants integrate signals such as water availability, temperature, light, gravity, and mechanical forces to control growth rates, tissue elongation, and overall architecture. The full lecture below provides a guided and accessible breakdown of these concepts. Watch the full chapter explanation here: Fundamentals of Plant Growth Plant growth is driven by three interconnected processes: Cell division – increases cell number Cell expansion – enlarges cell size through turgor-driven elongation Cel...