Last Minute Lecture

Work, Energy & Power Explained | Chapter 6 of University Physics Chapter 6 bridges Newton’s laws and energy conservation by introducing work, kinetic energy, and power, along with the powerful work-energy theorem for analyzing motion and forces. Watch the full video summary on YouTube for detailed derivations and examples. Work: Definition and Calculation Work occurs when a force causes displacement. For a constant force aligned with motion, use W = F s . When force and displacement form an angle φ, apply the dot product: W = F s cos(φ) Work can be positive, negative, or zero. Forces perpendicular to motion (like the normal force on a flat surface) perform no work. To find total work, sum contributions from each force or use the net force in the dot-product formula. Kinetic Energy & the Work-Energy Theorem Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, defined by: K = ½ m v² The work-energy theorem relates net work to changes in kinetic energy: W total = ΔK = ½ m...

Chapter 8: Introduction to Metabolism — Energy, ATP, and Enzymes Explained | Campbell Biology Summary Welcome to Last Minute Lecture! This post summarizes Chapter 8 of Campbell Biology , focusing on metabolism—the chemical reactions that power life. Discover how cells manage energy, the significance of ATP, and the remarkable role of enzymes in controlling biological processes. Watch the full video summary below and subscribe for more textbook chapter breakdowns! Introduction: What Is Metabolism? Metabolism encompasses all the chemical reactions within an organism. These reactions are organized into metabolic pathways, which either break down molecules to release energy (catabolic pathways) or build complex molecules by consuming energy (anabolic pathways). Understanding metabolism is fundamental for grasping how life is sustained at the molecular level. Energy Transformations and the Laws of Thermodynamics Energy Types: Kinetic energy involves movement (including th...