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Understanding Psychological Disorders — Types, Causes, and Treatments Explained | Psychology Chapter 15 Summary This comprehensive summary of Chapter 15 from Principles of Psychology (13th Edition) by David G. Myers and C. Nathan DeWall explores psychological disorders — syndromes involving significant disturbances in cognition, emotion, or behavior — and their classification, causes, and treatment. Watch the full YouTube podcast summary for an in-depth understanding of mental health disorders. Models and Classification The medical model views psychological disorders as illnesses with biological causes. The biopsychosocial approach considers biological, psychological, and social-cultural influences. The DSM-5 is the primary diagnostic manual, though labeling can sometimes lead to stigma or misdiagnosis. Anxiety Disorders Include generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Causes...

Exposure Therapies for Anxiety & Trauma — Chapter 8 Summary from Systems of Psychotherapy Chapter 8 of Systems of Psychotherapy: A Transtheoretical Analysis examines the science and practice of exposure therapies, including Prolonged Exposure, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and Implosive Therapy. These powerful approaches are used to treat anxiety disorders and trauma by helping clients directly confront feared stimuli in a controlled, supportive setting. This summary—based on our podcast breakdown of Chapter 8 —offers an in-depth look at the theory, techniques, and effectiveness of exposure-based treatments. Want a clear overview? Watch the chapter summary above, and subscribe to Last Minute Lecture for more psychology study guides and textbook breakdowns! The Evolution of Exposure Therapies Exposure therapy emerged from behavioral psychology, evolving from early implosive therapies to modern approaches like Prolonged Exposure and EMDR. Key ...

PTSD and Trauma Disorders — Chapter 12 Summary from Clinical Psychopharmacology for Therapists Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is one of the most challenging and deeply rooted conditions in clinical mental health. Chapter 12 of Clinical Psychopharmacology for Therapists explores trauma-related disorders from both historical and neurobiological perspectives, helping therapists understand the enduring impact of trauma on the brain, behavior, and treatment planning. This chapter is vital for clinicians working with trauma survivors or preparing for careers in trauma-informed care. Watch the full summary above to explore the symptoms, causes, and science behind PTSD—and be sure to subscribe to Last Minute Lecture for more expert-led chapter breakdowns from essential psychology texts. What Is PTSD? Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms PTSD is classified as a trauma- and stressor-related disorder that occurs after exposure to a traumatic event involving death, serious injury, o...

Childhood Trauma and Stress Disorders — Chapter 12 Summary from Mash & Wolfe How does early trauma shape a child's development? Chapter 12 of Child Psychopathology by Eric J. Mash, David A. Wolfe, and Katherine Nguyen Williams explores the psychological and biological effects of maltreatment and trauma-related disorders in childhood. The chapter traces the historical evolution of child protection, defines key trauma-related diagnoses, and offers evidence-based approaches to treatment and prevention. What Is Child Maltreatment? Child maltreatment includes: Physical abuse Sexual abuse Psychological abuse Neglect These adverse experiences can profoundly affect emotional regulation, social functioning, cognitive development, and mental health across the lifespan. Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders The DSM-5 outlines specific trauma-related diagnoses in children: Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD): Emotionally withdrawn behavior toward caregiver...